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Internet Fundamentals

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What is a network?
A network is a group of interconnected computers to provide sharing of information, resources (hardware sharing) and enhanced communication.
Introduction to Internet
Internet is a computer based worldwide communication network, which is composed of large number of interconnected networks. 
Advantages of Internet
  • Greater access to information reduces research time
  • Useful communication links
  • Global reach
  • Easy communication
  • Online publishing documents saves paper
  • Valuable resource for companies to advertise and conduct business
Disadvantages of Internet
  • Cyber frauds involving credit/debit cards numbers and details
  • Unsuitable and undesirable material which can be used by notorious people such as terrorist
  • Computer viruses can be spread through Internet
  • Most of information Available on the Internet may be incorrect or irrelevant
  • Messages sent across the Internet can be easily intercepted
  • Too much use of Internet could result in a lack of face to face interaction
Uses of Internet
  • Businesses use the Internet to carry out electronic commerce.
  • Internet is used for voice and video conferencing and other forms of communication.
  • E-mail on the Internet has greatly speeded up communication among companies and individuals.
  • Internet is also used for communication, entertainment, to find information, reaching customers, and for providing many types of services.
Important Terms

Client - It is a computer on the network which request services from another computer on the internet.

Server- Server is a computer that handles request for data, email, files and other network services from other computers(clients)

Web Server- These types of servers deliver web pages that means they handle HTTP requests only e.g. IIS (Internet Information Services), Apache HTTP Server, WAMP (Windows, Apache, MySQL and PHP) etc.

Web page- It is a digital page/document which is hosted on internet.

Website- Website is a collection of interconnected webpages which designed for a specific purpose.

Web Portal- It is a website or service that offers resources such as e-mail, search engines, forums etc. e.g. sites like google, MSN, Yahoo etc.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)- It is a unique address of a webpage on internet.

Blog(Weblog)- Blog is a webpage that serves as a publicly accessible personal journal for an individual.

Blogger-Blogger is a author of blog. He/she regularly write and update entries in his or her blog.

Blogging- Blogging is an action of writing blog.

Newsgroup- Newsgroups are internet discussion forums where groups of user with common interests gather to discuss on a common topic/interest.

 
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