TCP/IP and Internet addressing

TCP/IP are the protocols designed for LAN and WAN. It was developed by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in 1969. The basic purpose of TCP/IP was to provide reliable data transfer services that means parts of information sent to the destination should be free from missing, corrupted, or duplication of information.

Here TCP (Transmission control protocol) is responsible for dividing information into packets on the source computer and it also responsible for reassembling the received packets at the destination computer.

IP (Internet Protocol) is responsible for handling the address of the destination computer so that each packet is sent to its proper destination.

Internet Addressing

Internet addressing represents the address of a node (Single computer on the network), name, IP of a website, or someone's e-mail address.

Each computer system on the internet has a unique internet address called an IP address.

IP addresses are of two types

  • Static IP address- A static IP address is an IP address whose value does not change. Static IP addresses are used for websites or email servers 
  • Dynamic IP Address- It is an address that is automatically assigned by the internet service provider to a computer every time it connects to the internet. Unlike a static IP address that will be the same every time, a dynamic IP address is different every time. This is commonly used for dial-up internet connection.